Hetzner DNS with Ansible (DNS‑as‑Code)

This repository manages DNS zones at Hetzner in a fully declarative, Git‑driven way using Ansible.

The goal is a robust DNS‑as‑Code workflow with:

• clear separation of defaults and zone‑specific overrides
• reproducible desired state
• clean, reviewable Git diffs
• safe usage of prune: true

The implementation is based on the community.dns collection and the Hetzner DNS API.

Core Principles

• One zone = one YAML artifact
• Defaults describe standard records
• Zones explicitly override defaults
• Provider‑managed records are not owned (NS / SOA are ignored)
• Explicit records instead of wildcards
• Strict DNS semantics (A ≠ AAAA, MX requires priority, etc.)

Requirements

• Ansible
• community.dns collection
• Hetzner DNS API token

ansible-galaxy collection install -r requirements.yml

Repository Structure

.
├─ pb.yml
├─ Makefile
├─ inventory/
│  └─ hosts.yml
├─ vars/
│  ├─ dns_defaults.yml
│  └─ zones.yml
├─ tasks/
│  ├─ generate.yml
│  └─ deploy.yml
├─ templates/
│  └─ zone.yml.j2
└─ zones/
   └─ *.yml

Workflow (Makefile)

The entire workflow is driven by stage tags.

make getzones
make generate
git diff zones/
make apply

Available Targets

• make getzones
  Export existing zones from Hetzner (if implemented)

• make generate
  Generate normalized zone files into zones/

• make apply
  Apply the desired state to Hetzner DNS

• make all
  Run generate + apply

• make check
  Apply stage in check mode with diff

• make validate
  Syntax check only

Data Model

Defaults

vars/dns_defaults.yml contains zone‑agnostic standard records
(e.g. mail infrastructure, CAA, autodiscover).

---
dns_defaults:
  records:
    - type: MX
      prefix: ""
      value:
        - 10 mail.rollenspiel.network.
    - type: TXT
      prefix: mta-sts
      value:
        - v=STSv1; id=default
...

Zones

vars/zones.yml defines only deviations and zone‑specific records.

---
dns_zones:
  - name: rollenspiel.network
    records:
      - type: TXT
        prefix: mta-sts
        value:
          - v=STSv1; id=202502081520
      - type: A
        prefixes:
          - ""
          - www
          - api
        value:
          - 142.132.206.141
...

Rules:

• records is a single unified array
• use prefix or prefixes
• value is always a list
• (type, prefix) must be unique per zone
• zone records override defaults with the same (type, prefix)

Generated Zone Files

The directory zones/*.yml contains the fully expanded desired state:

---
zone:
  name: rollenspiel.network
  record_sets:
    - prefix: ""
      type: NS
      ignore: true
    - prefix: ""
      type: SOA
      ignore: true
    - prefix: ""
      type: MX
      value:
        - 10 mail.rollenspiel.network.
...

Properties:

• fully explicit
• no duplicate records
• compatible with community.dns.hetzner_dns_record_sets
• safe with prune: true

Template

templates/zone.yml.j2:

• merges defaults and zone overrides
• prevents duplicate (type, prefix)
• normalizes prefix: null → ""
• automatically splits IPv4 / IPv6 into A / AAAA
• produces clean YAML without whitespace noise

Apply Stage

tasks/deploy.yml:

• loads exactly one zone file per iteration
• applies it immediately
• output always shows the current zone name
• no global variable leakage

Why NS / SOA Are Ignored

• they are owned by the provider
• they may change without notice
• they must not be deleted when using prune: true

Therefore:

- prefix: ""
  type: NS
  ignore: true
- prefix: ""
  type: SOA
  ignore: true